What is the Function of Water Treatment Plant

Water treatment plant is a crucial facility in ensuring that the water that we consume is safe and clean. The process of treating water involves several stages that work together to eliminate harmful substances and bacteria from the water. In this article, we will explore the various functions of a water treatment plant in detail.

Function 1: Screening and Pre-Treatment

The first function of a water treatment plant is to screen the water and remove large debris like twigs, leaves, and other organic matter. This screening process takes place in a pre-treatment facility where the water is filtered to remove any large materials that could damage the equipment. After screening, the water is transferred to a sedimentation basin where the suspended particles are allowed to settle at the bottom.

Function 2: Coagulation and Flocculation

After pre-treatment, the water undergoes a process called coagulation and flocculation. During this stage, tiny particles in the water are treated with chemicals to make them stick together, forming larger particles called floc. The floc particles are then removed by sedimentation, using gravity to separate them from the water. This process is further enhanced with the use of a flocculator, which agitates the water to promote the formation of floc particles.

Function 3: Filtration

The next stage of water treatment involves filtration, where the remaining particles and contaminants are removed. Filtration is done using sand, charcoal, or other materials, depending on the level of contamination in the water. The filters used in the process vary in size, with finer filters being used for water that is considered safe to drink. Once the water has gone through the filtration process, it is virtually free of impurities and bacteria.

Function 4: Disinfection

After filtration, the water undergoes a final stage of treatment known as disinfection. This process involves the use of chemicals like chlorine, ozone, or UV radiation to kill any remaining bacteria or viruses in the water. Disinfection is important in ensuring that the water is safe for human consumption.

Conclusion

Water treatment plants play a critical role in our lives by providing safe and clean drinking water. By eliminating harmful substances and bacteria, water treatment plants ensure that the water we consume is healthy and does not pose a risk to our health. With advanced technology, water treatment plants have become more efficient and effective, making it possible to supply clean water to millions of households around the world.